Thoughts on the 22 Shevat Sicha

In the Sicha of 22 Shevat (which we summarize in the article 22 Shevat: The Ultimate Unification) the Rebbe explains the 3 stages that correspond to the dates 10, 11 and 22 Shevat.  Briefly, they are the stages of:

a) Preparing the recipient (“10”) to receive the great revelation;

b) The initial revelation of “11” itself.  It is in a way where the recipient is elevated up to the level of “11” (rather than integrating it into is own reality). It remains separate from the “11”, but also loses its importance as it is subsumed into the matters of the “11”; and,

c) The ultimate unity, when the “11” is fully revealed in the reality of and in the inyonim of the “10”; they become as one, yet the “10” is neither nullified out of existence nor does it lose its importance.

One can learn these deep concepts and be left wondering what they mean practically.  We will attempt to bring these ideas down, and illustrate what they mean (בדרך אפשר) in the relationship of Chassidim to the Rebbe.

3 Stages in the Avoidah of Chassidim

1)Until Yud Shevat the Chassidim had the avoidah to work on themselves, seichel and midos, to prepare themselves for the Geuloh (עמדו הכן כולכם).  This was the avoidah of the 6th generation, where the difference in the roles of the Chassidim and the Rebbe was emphasized. This avoidah, the preparation of the recipient (“10”),  was was completed upon the histalkus of the Previous Rebbe on Yud Shevat.

2) Beginning with 11 Shevat, the Nesius of the Rebbe מה”מ, the avoidah of the 7th generation begins: the emphasis is not on one’s avoidah with himself, but on one’s task to influence the world around.  This is most pronounced in the inyan of shlichus, where the shliach puts aside the shleimos of his personal avoidah in order to become an emissary and representative of the Rebbe מה”מ.  This matches what the Rebbe says about the “10” being subsumed into the “11”: the shliach’s personal life and interests are subsumed into the Rebbe’s concerns. The shliach and the one who sent him now share a common avoidah, more so than in the previous generation, but it is really the avoidah of the Rebbe into which the shliach is subsumed and thus they remain 2 separate entities;

3) After 22 Shevat the emphasis on Moshiach shifts into high gear, ascending from year to year, with an increasing emphasis on the avoidah being “from their own effort” (בכֹח עצמם), and amazing explanations of the revelation of Atzmus and the unification of the mashpia and the mekabel.  Of course, all this takes on a new dimension after Gimmel Tammuz, when Chassidim are “forced” to proceed without “giluyim” and the Rebbe’s inyonim are now their own inyonim.  The border between Rebbe and chosid becomes increasingly obscured as the Rebbe becomes more and more revealed in the actions of the chosid, yet the reality of the chosid is not nullified.

These thoughts are for your consideration, your own comments are welcome!

Chukas 5751 Informs Current Events (5780)!

This week in Eretz Yisroel is the week of parshas Chukas. (Outside of Israel it is parshas Shlach — due to the second day of Shavuos falling out on Shabbos the Torah readings in Israel got a “head start” and are a parsha ahead for a few weeks.)

Today (Sunday of parshas Chukas) there was a solar eclipse which was partially visible in Israel.

Take a look at the first footnote in the Dvar Malchus for parshas Chukas (presented here with quotes from the sources referenced in the footnote):

 

 

A. This day — as all days of the year on the Jewish-Torah calendar — consists of two dimensions: the day of the week, and the day of the month.1

1 From which is derived that it is also the calendar of the nations of the world (who count according to the sunSukkah 29a, Mechilta Bo 12b, Bereishis Rabba 6:3, Zohar I 236b (end)), who divide the solar year into 12 parts/months, but this division is “only by agreement and is not an inherent, natural division”…

Sukkah 29a: The Rabbonon taught: at the time when the sun is eclipsed — it is a bad sign for the idol worshippers; when the moon is eclipsed — it is a bad sign for “those who hate Israel” (the indirect way the sages refer to the Jewish nation when mentioning something undesirable), since Israel count according to the moon and idol worshippers count according to the sun.

Bereishis Rabba 6:3: Rabbi Levi in the name of Rebi Yosi bar Ilai said “it is derech eretz that the large one should count according to the large, and the small one should count according to the small one.  Esav counts according to the sun which is large, and Yaakov counts according to the moon, which is small.

(Thanks to R’ Chaim Kott of Kfar Chabad for sending me this!)

 

מכילתא יב, ב

ח. החדש הזה לכם . לא מנה בו אדם הראשון. אתה אומר לכם ולא מנה בו אדם הראשון, או אינו אלא לכם ולא לגוים? (אמור) כשהוא אומר ראשון הוא לכם (משמע) לכם ולא לגוים אמור. הא מה תלמוד לומר לכם? לא מנה בו אדם הראשון. נמצינו למדין שישראל מונין ללבנה והגוים לחמה. לא דיים לישראל א’ לל’ יום מגביהים עיניהם לאביהם שבשמים. וכשהחמה לוקה סימן רע לגוים שהם מונים לחמה, וכשהלבנה לוקה סימן רע לשונאיהם של ישראל שהם מונים ללבנה. ר’ אומר, כשחמה לוקה במזרח סימן רע ליושבי מזרח, במערב סימן רע ליושבי מערב. (רבי יוסי אומר כשהמזלות לוקים במזרח סימן רע ליושבי מזרח במערב סימן רע ליושבי מערב). ר’ יונתן אומר אלו ואלו נתנו לגוים שנאמר כה אמר ה’ אל דרך הגוים אל תלמדו ומאותות השמים אל תחתו (ירמיה י)א

זוהר חלק א רלו ב

יהודה אתה יודוך אחיך ידך בערף אויביך וגו’“.    רבי יוסי פתח, (תהלים קד יט) “עשה ירח למועדים וגו’” — “עשה ירח” בגין לקדשא ביה ריש ירחין וריש שתין, ולעלמין סיהרא לא נהיר אלא משמשא, וכד שמשא שליט סיהרא לא שלטא, כד אתכניש שמשא כדין סיהרא שלטא, ולית חושבן לסיהרא אלא כד אתכניש שמשא, ותרווייהו עבד קב”ה לאנהרא, הדא הוא דכתיב (בראשית א יז) ויתן אותם אלהי”ם ברקיע השמים להאיר על הארץ וגו’. “והיו לאותות“– אלין שבתות, דכתיב (שמות לא יג) כי אות היא, “ולמועדים“– אינון יומין טבין, “ולימים“– אלין רישי ירחין, “ולשנים“– אלין רישי שנין, דלהוון אומות העולם עבדין חושבן לשמשא, וישראל לסיהרא.

ואזלא הא, כי הא דאמר רבי אלעזר, כתיב (ישעיה ט ב) הרבית הגוי לו הגדלת השמחה, הרבית הגוי אלין ישראל, דכתיב בהו (דברים ד ז) כי מי גוי גדול, וכתיב (דה”א יז כא) גוי אחד בארץ לו בגיניה הגדלת השמחה דא סיהרא דאתרביאת בנהורא בגיניהון דישראל. אומות העולם לשמשא וישראל לסיהרא, הי מנייהו עדיף, ודאי סיהרא לעילא, ושמשא דאומות העולם תחות האי סיהרא הוא, וההוא שמשא מהאי (ס”א סיטרא) סיהרא נהיר, חמי מה בין ישראל להו, ישראל אחידו בסיהרא, ואשתלשלו בשמשא עלאה, ואתאחדו באתר (ביה) (ס”א דנהיר לשמשא) דנהירא משמשא עלאה, ומתדבקן ביה, דכתיב (דברים ד ד) ואתם הדבקים ביהו”ה אלהיכ”ם חיים כלכם היום.

 

Maamorim: The Big Picture

Interesting to note the sequence of the maamorim that were printed in 5751, the beginning of the year of Dvar Malchus:

Purim — The level of Purim: an awakening that leads to the downfall of the enemies of Israel (Haman, Stalin in 5713 after this maamor was said, Sadaam Hussein in 5751 when it was edited and printed), and ushers in the period of the ascendency of Mordechai, Esther, and the Jewish nation–while still in the place of exile.

25 Adar — The transmission of the essence from mashpia to mekabel, and it’s revelation, occurs specifically without garments (in a simple, Halachic sense, and also the revelations of thought, speech, and action).

Beis Nissan — The act of tzedoko is completed by actually giving money to the poor man; but the initial desire is only fulfilled when the recipient actually accepts the tzedoko and benefits from it.

11 Nissan — Tefilla leMoshe, the prayer of Moshe, is the prayer of a rich man who lacks nothing and possesses tremendous abundance.  If so, then what does he daven for? He davens that Yisroel (Malchus) should realize that they themselves are rich (spiritually, and from that is drawn down wealth into physicality as well).

18 Nissan — According to Halacha, birds require an additional degree of guarding than animals (not only walls, but also a roof) because they are able to “fly away”.  Similarly, the conceptions of the intellectual soul can also “fly away” to undesirable places, and therefore an additional level of caution is required (a degree that is unnecessary while guarding the animal soul).

 

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19-20 Kislev 5752: “We Are in the Days of Moshiach”

In particular in these days — the days of Moshiach — in which we are found now, we need only to “open up the eyes”, and then we see that we are already found in the true and complete Geuloh in the simple meaning of the words, and all of bnei Yisroel are ready in all the details “to approach and to sit down at the table”, a table set with all the delicacies and all good things, beginning with matters of Geuloh, Levyoson and the Shor haBar and the aged wine, and more and primarily, “to know Hashem”, “the earth will be filled with the knowledge of Hashem as water covers the seas.”

 

Sefer Hasichos 5752 page 173

Sefer Hasichos, 5752, p. 173

The Beis Hamikdosh Here in the Time and Place of Golus

The Rebbe mentions, in the printed sicha of Vayera 5752 (last week), a midrash* which states that the month of Marcheshvan (when the construction of the first Beis Hamikdash was completed, but it wasn’t opened until the following Tishrei) “lost out” and in the time to come the Holy One, blessed be He, will pay her back with the inauguration (chanukas) of the 3rd Beis Hamikdash which will take place in the month of Marcheshvan.

What significance does this have to the events of Marcheshvan 5752, when the sicha was spoken and printed?  Several days after the sicha was spoken, and a day or two before the sicha appeared, in that very month of Marcheshvan, there was a revelation of the Beis Hamikdash.

This revelation was (and is) contained in a small booklet, the Kuntres Beis Rabbeinu sh’b’Bavel, edited by the Rebbe and published in honor of 20 Marcheshvan (birthday of the Rebbe Rashab).  In this Kuntres, the Rebbe explains the words of the Gemara that the following the destruction of the Beis Hamikdash, the revelation of the Shechina which was revealed in the Beis Hamikdash “traveled” from Yerushalayim together with the Jews as they went into golus.  Where did it settle?  In the study hall and synagogue of the leader of the respective generations.  In our generation, explains the Rebbe, this is 770 Eastern Parkway, the study hall and synagogue of the Rebbe, the leader of the generation (of course, the Rebbe makes the reference to his father-in-law, the Previous Rebbe).

Not only is every shul a “mikdash me’at“, a “miniature sanctuary”, but the shul of the leader of the generation is in fact a counterpart to the Beis Hamikdash that stood in Yerushalayim, and the revelation of the Shechina which is present there is the same revelation that was in Yerushalayim.  (If one will ask why we don’t see this, learn the Dvar Malchus of parshas Vayera, wherein the Rebbe explains the difference between something being revealed from Above, and the concurrent need for the recipient to be a fitting vessel for that revelation in order to experience it.)

In other words, 770 Eastern Parkway is the place in golus where the revelation of the Shechina is presently situated as long as the Jews are in golus.  And it will be the first place where the Third Beis Hamikdash will be revealed, after which it will return to Yerushalayim.  In the Rebbe’s words:

Now we can appreciate the unique greatness of Beis Rabbeinu: As the main Small Temple of the final exile, Beis Rabbeinu is the very place of the future Beis Hamikdash, and moreover, the place where the future Beis Hamikdash will first be revealed, and the place from which it will return to Yerushalayim.

The implications are startling: this Kuntres reveals to us, based on the Rebbe’s explanation of a posuk in Yechezkiel and a sugya in the gemora, that the Beis Hamikdash is located at 770 Eastern Parkway, and this is the “very place itself”** (מקום המקדש גופיה דלעתיד) where the 3rd Beis Hamikdash will descend from Heaven, and from this place it will travel to Yerushalayim!

In other words, the Beis Hamikdash (as well as the place of the 3rd Beis Hamikdash) has been revealed in the realm of the intellect!  In the month of Marcheshvan.  And as the Rebbe explains, in last week’s sicha, in order to experience the revelation we have to desire it and then labor to make ourselves a fitting vessel (like Avraham Avinu did and thus he merited that Hashem was revealed to him), otherwise it will remain in the intellectual realm, unseen by physical eyes.

Please, do not suffice with these few words in this meager essay, but take the opportunity to read through (and even better–learn properly and in depth) the Kuntres Beis Rabbeinu sh’b’Bavel (available for viewing and printing here).  After all, the Rebbe emphasizes numerous times that it is through learning the inyonim of Moshiach and Geulah that we speed up the actual true and complete Geulah.  As the Rebbe says–all elements of the Geulah are here, we simply need to agree and desire and open our eyes.  Learning these inyonim is the “fast way” to open our eyes.

It’s up to us!

* Yalkut Shimoni, Melachim I, remez 184.  Footnote #108 in the sicha.

** See the maamor “Gadol Habayis Hazeh”, section IV and forward, for the significance of the place of the Beis Hamikdash as opposed to the structure itself.

Some Thoughts on Gimmel Tammuz

Today, walking on Eastern Parkway near 770, I overheard a Yeshiva Bochur explaining to an older woman that the upcoming day of Gimmel Tammuz is “the day the Rebbe passed away in 1994; you see, he is the Moshiach…”

Moshiach is described as transcending paradox (“nosei hafochim“).  We have no greater paradox than Gimmel Tammuz.  On the one hand, it has all the hallmarks of a “histalkus“, which essentially means “disappearance” as in “passing away” (although Chassidus explains that it actually means greater revelation, one which transcends revelation).  A “histalkus” of a Rebbe is the culmination of his leadership, and even though he continues to live on (also in this physical world, and even in a body [as we know that the Baal Shem Tov and the Maggid of Mezeritch were present in a bodily form in the Alter Rebbe’s prison cell])—nonetheless, there is an “end of an era”, and a new Rebbe emerges to carry on the mission.

Nothing of the sort happened on Gimmel Tammuz 5754.

The leadership of the Rebbe has not diminished by even the smallest measure, rather, to the contrary—the dedication of his Chassidim is stronger than ever and his leadership is more widely influential than ever.  There has not been a “break” but rather a “continuation” (see the sicha of 28 Sivan).

The Rebbe, in the sichos of Gimmel Tammuz, addresses the previous miraculous events of Gimmel Tammuz:

  1. Yehoshua bin Nun causes the sun to stand still (the sun is the tzaddik of whom it says “the sun sets and the sun rises”—on Gimmel Tammuz the sun did not set);
  2. The Previous Rebbe was redeemed from a death sentence under the Communists and sent to exile.  It was the “beginning of the redemption”, but it was not clear to the Chassidim at the time. [Read further]

The power of our generation, the generation of Moshiach, lies in our ability to “see through the darkness”, to know that even despite all appearances to the contrary the leader of the generation, the Moshiach of the generation “stands and serves” and his leadership is uncontested.  The terminology for this day, and what the Rebbe’s present address is, are not the decisive factors.  Rather, the incontestable focus of this day is the fact that the Rebbe continues to lead our generation, the 7th generation, to greet the true and complete Geulah!

Yechi Adoneinu Moreinu v’Rabbeinu Melech HaMoshiach l’Olam Vo’ed!

Achrei Mos-Kedoshim 5751: No Reason to Fear Geulah

At present, we are at the conclusion of the exile and at any moment Moshiach will come. First of all, a response is necessary for all those who are worried when they hear a clamor that everyone is required to do what they can do to bring Moshiach: They are concerned that the entire time they spent building up business and social relationships in exile will be forfeited when the Redemption comes.

These worries can be assuaged on the basis of the concepts explained above: The redemption will not nullify the natural order as it exists at present. On the contrary, all the positive achievements of the exile will remain and indeed, will be elevated with the coming of the Redemption. Within them, will be revealed the Alef, G‑d’s Presence. This will put the focus on what the true intent of these activities is, the revelation of G‑d’s honor throughout the world.

Therefore, a person need not worry about what will become of his business activities when Moshiach comes. On the contrary, he can rest assured that all the activities that he carried out according to the Torah’s guidelines — even those that are not directly associated with the Torah and its mitzvos — are of value. However, this also points to the importance of a person keeping the fundamental purpose of his business activity in mind, and making sure that his efforts are directed to revealing G‑d’s honor.

This also leads to another concept. A person should not think that the Redemption will be totally a spiritual matter without any connection to our activities within this world. This is not the case. On the contrary, it is through our activities in exile, that we will merit the coming of the Redemption. Within those activities must also be a fundamental stress on “Reflecting on three things,” as explained above; i.e., focusing one’s energies one elevating the world at large. In particular, this should be expressed in increasing one’s donations to tzedakah, giving of one’s physical effort and wealth to provide another person with his material needs.

We see in fact that the nature of the world encourages such activities and in that context, it is worthy to mention the discovery of jewels in a far removed corner of the world. These jewels will be used for “a bride’s ornaments,” to increase the merit of the Jewish people through gifts to tzedakah.

* * *

In connection with the redemption, we find the prophecy, “And Kingship will be the L‑rd’s.” This includes kingship, not only over the Jews, but also over the gentile nations as well. Hence, as a preparation for Moshiach’s coming, it is also important to spread the observance of the Seven universal Laws commanded to the descendants of Noach.

In this context, it is worthy to mention how the activities of the world and that of the gentile nations appear to be assisting the coming of the Redemption. In previous generations, the Jews suffered oppression from the gentile nations in which they lived and in the present generation, the opposite is true. Most Jews live in countries whose governments are generous and assist them in the observance of the Torah and mitzvos, allowing them to carry out the inner service that will bring about a personal redemption which, in turn, will hasten the coming of the redemption as a whole. Surely, this is true of the country in which we are living. Furthermore, these countries are also granting assistance to Jews in the world at large, helping Jews immigrate to Eretz Yisrael.

In the last few years, we have seen this tendency spread to other nations throughout the world, even to Russia. Instead of suppressing the observance of the Torah and its mitzvos as in previous generation, they have granted religious freedom and are also allowing Jews the opportunity to emigrate to Eretz Yisrael. Furthermore, they are even assisting them in this objective. This helps prepare the way for the ultimate ingathering of the exiles in the Era of the Redemption.

Similarly, we see how the United States, the most powerful nation in the world, has dedicated its resources for the purpose of charity and education, two of the most fundamental activities necessary to create a stable environment in the world.

For this purpose, the United States has sent hundreds of its soldiers to help hungry and starving people in a far off corner of the world. Instead of using its airplanes for war, it employed them to reach those people who require such assistance. And instead of using its wealth for the benefit of its own people alone, it gave of that wealth to save the lives of unfortunate people and children. Although the people of this country had little contact with these unfortunate people previously, as soon as they heard of their suffering, they volunteered their assistance.

Similarly, in these days, the President of this country has issued Proclamations calling for an increase in education. At the very beginning of his Presidency he stated his desire to be known as “The Education President,” and at present, efforts are being made to strengthen education throughout the country.

An interrelationship exists between the fact that these steps are being taken by the United States and that the United States has been established as the most powerful nation in the world. Because the United States has dedicated itself to these goals, G‑d has granted it such power. This reveals how there is an inner process of causation operating within the world, pushing it to reveal its true G‑dly nature.

Translation: Sichos in English